Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition characterised by inflamed, itchy, and dry skin. While it can affect individuals of all ages, it is particularly prevalent in children and some experience this skin condition from childhood into adult years.
Eczema is not just a superficial skin problem; it involves complex interplay between genetics, gut health, mental health and the skin microbiome leading to an overactive immune response that causes inflammation and the breakdown of the skin barrier. This allows moisture to escape and irritants to enter and microbes to infiltrate.
This kind of skin condition can be incredibly frustrating, as flare-ups can occur seemingly out of nowhere. However, a significant number of individuals with eczema notice their symptoms worsening during the winter months or in cold, dry climates. When eczema root causes are addressed through the guidance of an experienced naturopath the condition can resolve or vastly improve. In the meantime, there is still a lot that can be done to manage individual’s flares, especially in vulnerable climates.
Why Does Eczema Worsen in Winter?
Low Humidity: One of the primary reasons eczema symptoms exacerbate in winter is the decrease in humidity levels. Cold air holds less moisture than warm air, leading to drier environments. Indoor heating systems further strip the air of humidity, creating a perfect storm for dry skin. When the skin loses moisture, it becomes more prone to cracking and inflammation, triggering or worsening eczema flare-ups.
Hot Showers and Baths: To combat the cold, many people take longer, hotter showers and baths during winter. While this may feel soothing, hot water strips the skin of its natural oils, which are crucial for maintaining moisture, barrier functions such as protecting against irritants. This loss of oils can leave the skin even drier and more susceptible to eczema.
Wearing Heavier Clothing: Winter wardrobes often include heavy, Woolen clothing, which can irritate the skin. Wool and other rough fabrics can cause friction and irritation, exacerbating eczema symptoms. Additionally, the layers of clothing can trap sweat against the skin, further irritating sensitive areas.
Stress and Immune System: Life stressors can arise at any time, Winter brings shorter days, and less sunlight affecting mood and stress levels. Stress is a well-known trigger for eczema, as it can affect the immune system and skin barrier function, making flare-ups more likely. Viruses that are more common in winter or cold weather add additional inflammatory confusion to immune function also increasing the likely hood of flares.
Reduced Sunlight: Exposure to sunlight can help some people with eczema because UV light has anti-inflammatory effects. During winter, reduced sunlight can mean less natural UV exposure, potentially leading to more severe symptoms. Vitamin D is also produced from sunlight exposure, vitamin D is anti-inflammatory and immune regulating, deficiency risk is much higher in winter.
Managing Eczema in Cold Climates
To manage eczema effectively during the winter months, consider the following tips:
Moisturize Regularly: Use a thick, emollient-rich moisturizer to keep the skin hydrated.
Apply it immediately after bathing to lock in moisture. Ones with ceramides for skin barrier support are great. Avoid mineral oils and chemicals where possible.
Use a Humidifier: Adding moisture to the air with a humidifier can help keep the skin from drying out. Essential oils can be added for stress reduction also.
Bathe Wisely: Take shorter, warm showers and avoid hot baths. Use gentle, fragrance-free cleansers or no soap on the body.
Choose Soft Fabrics: Wear soft, breathable fabrics like cotton and bamboo and avoid rough materials that can irritate the skin.
Manage Stress: Practice stress-reducing techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep- breathing exercises, naturopaths can also offer stress reducing formulas such as herbal medicines and nutritional agents.
Supplements for Winter Eczema
Some first line supplements for eczema can really help in a winter flare or prevent aggravation in cold dry weather.
Essential Fatty Acids: High strength EPA omega from fish oil or GLA from oils like borage or evening primrose high quality sources aid by improving natural moisturising factor in the skin, improving cell membrane structure and skin barrier function.
Skin Barrier: L-Histidine amino acid for filaggrin protein which is needed for healthy skin barrier function and found to be low in those who have eczema from childhood as it relates to genetic filaggrin production.
Stress Reduction: Stress support with nutrients like L-theanine and high dose magnesium. IF we’re less stressed there is less change of eczema flares occurring due to the impact of stress hormone on immune function. Magnesium also increases our intracellular hydration which can be helpful for dry skin.
Eczema is a challenging condition, but addressing its underlying drivers and affectively implementing naturopathic guided intensive treatment can have amazing results. In the meantime, understanding why it worsens in winter can help individuals take proactive steps to manage their symptoms and maintain healthier skin throughout the colder months.